Geospatial data processing and random forest-based intelligent system for regional investment readiness prediction

Abstract

This paper presents an intelligent system that integrates geospatial data processing and a random forest (RF) classification model to categorize regional investment readiness (IR). Regional investment planning is often constrained by fragmented socio-economic data, unequal infrastructure distribution, and unquantified disaster risk, which reduce the accuracy of decision making. To address this problem, multidimensional data consisting of socio-economic indicators, infrastructure accessibility, and disaster risk factors were collected from a sample of 15 administrative regions in Lampung Province, Indonesia, and processed through data cleaning, normalization, and feature selection. An IR score was first computed for each region using a weighted composite formula, then discretized into readiness classes and used as the target label to train a RF classifier capable of modeling complex nonlinear relationships among the input features. Given the limited sample size, model performance was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation, and classification metrics—accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score—were reported to assess predictive reliability. The results reveal spatial disparities in IR, where regions with higher human development and better infrastructure tend to exhibit greater investment potential, while areas exposed to higher disaster risk tend to show lower readiness levels. The prediction outputs are integrated into a web-based interactive dashboard that enables spatial visualization and exploration of IR patterns. Given the small and single province sample, the proposed system should be regarded as a preliminary decision-support tool for policymakers and investors to help identify priority regions, and further validation on larger, more geographically diverse datasets is recommended to strengthen generalizability.