A new approach to solve the problem of partial shading in a photovoltaic system

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel global maximum power point (GMPP) tracking method that addresses the challenges of efficiency and power quality degradation in photovoltaic (PV) systems caused by inadequate tracking of the GMPP. The proposed approach employs a cuckoo search algorithm with proportional, integral, and derivative (CSPID). A bio-inspired optimization technique, to effectively track the GMPP under varying weather conditions. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the CSPID algorithm is comprehensively evaluated against two well-established methods, particle swarm optimization (PSO), and cuckoo search algorithm traditional (CSA). The evaluation includes three different scenarios with gradual changes in irradiance and temperature, these tests show the ability of the algorithm to handle the condition of partial shading. The results reveal that the CSPID method achieves an average tracking time of 0.098s and an average tracking efficiency of 99.62%, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and quality of photovoltaic energy production.