Cyclic redundancy check-aided successive cancellation-based polar decoders

Hamizan Suhaimi, Roslina Mohamad, Darmawaty Mohd Ali, Ezmin Abdullah

Abstract


Research on channel coding for network transmission using polar codes has produced excellent results. By removing error redundancy from the decoding process, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is frequently used by researchers to increase a system’s performance. In prior research, the application of decoder algorithms for polar codes was examined but not thoroughly compared. For the general capabilities of the previously proposed algorithms to be ascertained, it is crucial to analyze the employment of polar decoders especially successive cancellation (SC)-based polar decoders and the use of CRC in additive white gaussian noise (AWGN). Hence, this paper analyzes the performance of CRC with SC-based polar decoders in AWGN. In the simulation setup, (256,128) polar codes and CRCs with three-bit sizes (6, 8 and 11) were utilized. SC-based polar decoders, such as SC, soft-output cancellation, SC list (SCL) and simplified SC, were applied at the decoder part. The outcomes show that CRC-aided SC-based polar decoders reduced redundancy error. Among all the decoders, the SCL decoder with 11-bits CRC performed well when the normalized signal-to-noise ratio was high. Based on the analysis, removing errors at the highest level is possible using a suitable CRC size for SC-based polar decoders.

Keywords


Cyclic redundancy check; Polar codes; Simplified successive cancellation; Soft-output cancellation; Successive cancellation; Successive cancellation list

Full Text:

PDF

References


Y. Yuyu et al., “Noise-Aided Belief Propagation List Bit-Flip Decoder for Polar Codes,” 2020 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP), pp. 2020–2023, 2020, doi: 10.1109/WCSP49889.2020.9299849.

E. Arıkan, “Channel polarization : A method for constructing capacity-achieving codes for symmetric binary-input memoryless channels,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 55. pp. 1–23, 2009, doi: 10.1109/TIT.2009.2021379.

V. Bioglio, C. Condo, and I. Land, “Design of Polar Codes in 5G New Radio,” IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 29–40, 2021, doi: 10.1109/COMST.2020.2967127.

I. Tal and A. Vardy, “List Decoding of Polar Codes,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 2213–2226, 2015. doi: 10.1109/TIT.2015.2410251.

E. Arıkan, “Polar codes : A pipelined implementation,” Proc. 4th ISBC, 2010 , pp. 2–4.

S. Sun, S. Cho, and Z. Zhang, “Error Patterns in Belief Propagation Decoding of Polar Codes and Their Mitigation Methods,” 2016 50th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, pp. 1199–1203, 2016, doi: 10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869562.

Z. Zhang et al., “Progressive Bit-Flipping Decoding of Polar Codes Over Layered Critical Sets,” GLOBECOM 2017-2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference pp. 2–7, 2017, doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2017.8254149.

J. Tong, H. Zhang, X. Wang, S. Dai, R. Li, and J. Wang, “A Soft Cancellation Decoder for Parity-Check Polar Codes,” 2020 IEEE 31st Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2020, doi: 10.1109/PIMRC48278.2020.9217144.

A. Alamdar-yazdi and F. R. Kschischang, “A Simplified Successive-Cancellation Decoder for Polar Codes,” IEEE communications letters, vol. 15, no. 12, pp. 1378–1380, 2011, doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2011.101811.111480.

S. A. Hashemi, C. Condo, and W. J. Gross, “Fast Simplified Successive-Cancellation List Decoding of Polar Codes,” 2017 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW), pp. 9–14, 2017, doi: 10.1109/WCNCW.2017.7919044.

Z. Huang, S. Zhang, F. Zhang, C. Duanmu, F. Zhong, and M. Chen, “Simplified Successive Cancellation Decoding of Polar Codes With Medium-Dimensional Binary Kernels,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 26707–26717, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2834465.

L. Wang, Z. Zhang, H. Hu, and A. P. Codes, “Adaptive Fast Simplified Successive Cancellation List Polar Decoding based on Path Selecting,” 2020 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications, no. Iccc, pp. 959–963, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ICCC49849.2020.9238774.

C. Pillet, V. Bioglio, and C. Condo, “On List Decoding of 5G-NR Polar Codes,” 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), no. 1, pp. 5–10, 2020, doi: 10.1109/WCNC45663.2020.9120686.

M. Hu, J. Li, and Y. Lv, “A comparative study of polar code decoding algorithms,” Proc. 2017 IEEE 3rd Inf. Technol. Mechatronics Eng. Conf. ITOEC 2017, vol. 2017-Januari, pp. 1221–1225, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ITOEC.2017.8122551.

H. C. Lee, Y. S. Pao, C. Y. Chi, H. Y. Lee, and Y. L. Ueng, “An Early Termination Scheme for Successive Cancellation List Decoding of Polar Codes,” ICASSP, IEEE Int. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. - Proc., vol. 2020-May, pp. 1798–1802, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ICASSP40776.2020.9053566.

F. Cheng, A. Liu, Y. Zhang, and S. Member, “Bit-Flip Algorithm for Successive Cancellation List Decoder of Polar Codes,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 58346–58352, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2914691.

Y. Wu, F. Zhou, Z. Li, S. Zhang, Z. Chu, and W. H. Gerstacker, “Green Communication and Networking,” Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2018. 2018.

L. Qi, Y. Xu, T. Liu, and Z. Dou, “An improved successive cancellation decoder for polar codes,” Proc. 2016 IEEE Int. Conf. Electron. Inf. Commun. Technol. ICEICT 2016, no. Iceict, pp. 150–153, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ICEICT.2016.7879671.

T. Sinha and J. Bhaumik, “Performance analysis of NR Polar Codes at short information blocks for control channels.”, 10.21203/rs.3.rs-203428/v1.

M. O. Ezea, H. O. Osuagwu, and M. A. Ahaneku, “Performance Analysis of Cyclic Redundancy Check ( CRC ) Error detection Technique in the Wireless Sensor Network,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), no. June, pp. 4104–4110, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.protcy.2016.08.149.

Q. Zhang, A. Liu, X. Pan, and K. Pan, “CRC Code Design for List Decoding of Polar Codes,” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 0, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 2017, doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2672539.

U. U. Fayyaz and J. R. Barry, “Low-Complexity Soft-Output Decoding of Polar Codes,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 958–966, 2014, doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2014.140515

S. Lee, J. Park, I. M. Kim, and J. Heo, “Flexible soft-output decoding of polar codes,” Eurasip J. Wirel. Commun. Netw., vol. 2021, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s13638-021-02042-x

Y. Peng, J. Bao, and X. Liu, “An improved path splitting strategy on successive cancellation list decoder for polar codes,” IET Commun., vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 1198–1209, 2021, doi: 10.1049/cmu2.12153.

G. Sarkis and W. J. Gross, “Increasing the Throughput of Polar Decoders,” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 725–728, 2013, doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2013.021213.121633




DOI: http://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v32.i2.pp811-818

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS)
p-ISSN: 2502-4752, e-ISSN: 2502-4760
This journal is published by the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES) in collaboration with Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama (IPMU).

shopify stats IJEECS visitor statistics