Epileptic seizure classification of electroencephalogram signals using extreme gradient boosting classifier

Abstract

Epilepsy causes repeated seizures in an individual's life, which causes transient irregularities in the brain's electrical activity. It results in different physical symptoms that are abnormal. Various antiepileptic drugs fail to minimize repeated patient seizures. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal recordings provide us with time-series data set for epileptic seizure detection and analysis. These signals are highly nonlinear and inconsistent, and they are recorded over time. Predicting the ictal period (seizure period at the time of epilepsy) is thus a challenging task in the naked eye for the medical practitioners. Various machine learning techniques are applied to identify the seizure's occurrence and its classification in multiple domains. A classification model based on extreme gradient boosting (SCLXGB) is proposed here for the classification of the EEG signals. The SCLXGB model implements binary seizure classification on the benchmark dataset. Compared with K-nearest neighbor, linear regression, and Decision treebased models, the proposed model achieves the best area under receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.9462 and an accuracy of 96% which signifies accurate prediction of seizure and non seizure period. The proposed model SCLXGB was validated by taking different performance metrics to indicate the occurrence and non-occurrence of seizures in patients more appropriately.