Spectrum handoff analysis for multiple secondary users in cognitive radio networks

Abstract

The cognitive radio network permits secondary users to reach unused spectrum of primary users. In this paper, a mixed preemptive/non-preemptive resume priority M/G/1 queuing model is proposed for characterizing multiple handoff delay and to minimize the extended data delivery time of secondary users that has experienced multiple spectrum handoff during its transmission. The proposed queuing model supports delay-sensitive secondary user applications. The secondary users’ traffic is classified into two priority classes, the highest priority class for delay sensitive services and the lowest priority class for delay insensitive services. Furthermore, the proposed model assigns higher priority for the interrupted secondary users over uninterrupted secondary users for each class of secondary users in order to minimize the handoff delays for secondary users that experience multiple interruptions. Analytical formulas for the average extended data delivery time are derived for two different proactive spectrum handoff strategies (always stay and always change strategies) for both classes of secondary users. Simulation of proposed system model was performed to validate the analytical results and a good agreement was obtained. The performance of the suggested model is assessed and compared with other spectrum handoff models. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed system model outperforms existing models and can reduce the extended data delivery time for the secondary users.