Enhancement of Energy Control Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Network Based on Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization with Ant Colony-based Energy Control Routing

Abstract

MANET is an autonomous collection of distributed mobile nodes. Every node in a MANET works as a source and a sink and that relays packets for other nodes. The key features of a MANET include dynamic network topology, distributed network nature, multi-hop communication, limited bandwidth, and limited energy constraints. Given that the battery of the nodes is limited, the energy of the nodes and the lifetime of network is a critical problem in MANETs. Moreover, nodes maintain static or less movement after being deployed. The energy of the MANET nodes cannot be recharged, which leads to dead nodes. This study improves the energy cost for the ACECR and boosts advancement through its contributions. Areas in the ad hoc network where much work is needed are discussed. This study only explored the impact of PSO on ACECR. Results indicate that ACECR- PSO performed better than the other protocols in terms of balanced energy consumption and extended network lifetime.