Internet of things enabled landfill pollution gas monitoring

Abstract

Due to the increasing concern on how to manage wastes and ensure environmental safety across the globe, a new tool that assists in the monitoring of methane, humidity, and temperature in the landfill using internet of things (IoT) has been created. This system uses ESP32 microcontroller and MQ-4 and DHT-22 sensors to measure environmental conditions at three different spots in a landfill. The samples of data are collected at three times a day, that is, in the morning at 7:00 am, at midday at 12:00 pm and in the evening at 5:00 pm and the data is transmitted to an online sheet where the public can access it in real time hence increasing transparency in the management of wastes. The tool shows a very good precision and effectiveness and the parameters are 94. 6% data integrity over three months testing period. The first findings show that the mean methane concentration is the highest at midday, which is related to the temperature and underlines the role of temperature in the methane emission process. The presented IoT based monitoring system also enhances the accuracy and efficiency in the monitoring of landfill gas and at the same time reduces the intervention of human effort and increases the capability to make prompt adjustments to changes in the environment. Used as an instrument for obtaining accurate and easily understandable data, it is hoped that this tool will in some way help to enhance global environmental health and safety standards, and help pave a way for methane storage for renewable energy purposes.