Enhancing network lifetime in wireless sensor networks through coverage-aware optimized sensor activation

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a pivotal technology in the modern era, enabling the monitoring and sensing of environmental conditions across vast areas with unprecedented precision and flexibility. At the heart of WSNs lie crucial challenges such as optimizing coverage, extending network lifetime, and strategizing node deployment to ensure efficient operation while conserving energy. This paper introduces the coverage-aware optimized sensor activation and deployment (CAOSAD) Strategy, a novel methodology designed to address these challenges. By integrating advanced node placement algorithms and scheduling techniques, the EcoNet lifespan maximization (ELM) strategy significantly enhances area and target coverage, minimizes energy consumption, and thereby prolongs the network’s operational lifespan. We present a comprehensive framework that dynamically adjusts node activity based on a predictive model, ensuring robust coverage and connectivity with minimal energy expenditure. Through a series of simulations, the ELM strategy demonstrates a substantial improvement in network sustainability compared to existing methodologies, offering a promising approach for the development of future WSNs. By focusing on the synergy between coverage optimization, energy-efficient node deployment, and innovative scheduling algorithms, this paper contributes a ground-breaking perspective to the research and application of WSNs, setting a new benchmark for the design of eco-friendly and durable sensing infrastructures.